The Brazilian regulatory framework for natural gas is highly dynamic and constantly evolving, reflecting the government’s perspective on the commodity’s role and importance in the country’s development. In this context, the newly sanctioned decree (Decree No. 12,153/24) highlights the current administration’s strategy to boost domestic production and, consequently, reduce the high prices of natural gas in the country. But will it be successful in achieving its goals? The measures introduced create additional uncertainty in the market, particularly concerning government interference in market dynamics, potential impacts across the value chain, and how and when these changes will be implemented. This insight explores the main changes introduced by the decree, their potential impacts on various segments of the gas market chain, and our perspective on the most significant effects they may have.