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Australia is the largest supplier of iron ore into the seaborne export market. It is dominated by three major producers; BHP Billiton, FMG and Rio Tinto who account for 87% of total ore produced. Australia's mining costs are the second lowest worldwide due to a combination of large scale operations that afford economies of scale, high grade material that requires little to no beneficiation, and owner-operated infrastructure. We are forecasting a small rise in C1 costs to US$16.70 in 2018 mainly due to higher fuel prices but these will be largely offset by ongoing productivity gains as automation on sites is extended. Total cash costs are expected to rise again due to higher royalty and freight charges. While costs will rise gradually over the next few years they will remain low with most internal cost cutting initiatives, sustainable.

Ijmuiden is favourably-located on the coast of Holland, with its own port facilities.  The plant is part of Tata Steel Europe and produces hot rolled, cold rolled and metallic coated strip. Ijmuiden is one of the lowest-cost and highest-margin steel plants in Western Europe. The plant will become part of the Tata-Thyssenkrupp Europe JV if the merger of the two company's European entities proceeds.

Sino Iron is a large iron ore mine near the Pilbara coastline of Western Australia. It is 29 kilometres from the newly built port at Cape Preston and 100 kilometres south-west of Karratha. It is the largest magnetite mine commissioned in Australia and represents the largest investment by a Chinese consortium in a single iron ore project in Australia. Citic Pacific (CITIC) is the owner and operator of the mine.