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Downstream oil refining reports
IMO 2020 Updated analysis of the marine fuel sulphur changes
The change in IMO regulations on the quality of marine bunker fuel impacts the mix of fuel types consumed by the shipping sector in 2020. This insi...
IMO bunker sulphur changes - smooth sailing or rough seas?
This report analyses the impact of the IMO's decision to reduce the global limit on sulphur in marine fuels from 2020, which has the potential to b...
Impact of high natural gas prices on refining
Natural gas is a key input to the refining sector, as both a fuel and feedstock for hydrogen, essential to the production of sulphur free transport...
Low sulphur fuel oil for bunkers - sweet enough?
The IMO Annex VI protocol will reduce the worldwide sulphur limit for marine fuels to 5000 ppm. Marine fuels which comply with the global sulphur c...
Low-carbon hydrogen in refining: options and economics
About 65% of refinery hydrogen demand is met by hydrogen produced as a by-product of refinery processes. By-product hydrogen is less likely to be r...
Another refinery closure in Japan - more to come?
In January 2022, ENEOS announced that Wakayama refinery will be permanently shut by October 2023. The announcement came after the closure of Osaka ...
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